先秦儒家人性论对当代高校思想政治教育的启示

The Enlightenment of the Pre-qin Confucian Theory of Human Nature on the Ideological and Political Education in Contemporary Colleges and Universities

在孔子思想的基础上,孟子提出“性善论”,主张“性”是人之所以异于禽兽的特殊本质,即“四心”,这使人有向“四德”发展的萌芽,其注重自我修身对人向善的作用。荀子则提出“性恶论”,主张“性”是人生而具有的自然本性,任其发展则会导致恶,强调用后天礼仪法度引导人们向善。以马克思主义基本原理为指导,辩证地看待先秦儒家人性论,对当代高校思想政治教育有一定的指导作用,有利于高校正确认识思想政治教育的本质,全面推进思想政治教育方法的改革创新,因材施教开展思想政治教育,注重选择和建设思想政治教育环境。

On the basis of confucius'thought,Mencius put forward the"theory of good nature",claiming that"nature"is the special nature of human beings different from animals,namely,"four hearts",which makes people have the bud to develop towards"four virtues",and pays attention to the role of self-cultivation in human beings towards good.Xunzi put forward the theory of"evil nature",claiming that"nature"is the natural nature of human life,and that its development will lead to evil,emphasizing the use of acquired etiquette to guide people to good.Under the guidance of the basic principles of Marxism,a dialectical view of the pre-qin confucian theory of human nature has a certain guiding role for the ideological and political education in contemporary colleges and universities,which is conducive to the correct understanding of the essence of ideological and political education in colleges and universities,comprehensively promoting the reform and innovation of ideological and political education methods,carrying out ideological and political education based on materials,and paying attention to the selection and construction of ideological and political education environment.