王阳明的圣人观与致良知学说

Wang Yongming's View on Sages and the Theory of Conscience

该文围绕王阳明的圣人观和致良知学说展开。从圣人观的核心谈起,王阳明认为良知即天理,是成圣的前提和内在依据,由此主张“满街都是圣人”这一观点,让圣人这一概念平民化。关于成圣的实践,王阳明认为良知的发用流行是成圣的重要实践过程,停留在知良知是不够的,而要做到致良知,在生活中不断追求天理,摒弃私欲,将纯乎天理的良知显露。王阳明从人在宇宙中的位置出发,从“成己”和“成物”两个角度,阐明了万物一体的圣人境界。而如今,王阳明的圣人观对个人和社会仍有很大价值,不仅有助于提高对理想人格的追求,而且对国家精神文明建设,中国特色社会主义建设有着积极影响。

This paper focuses on Wang Yangming's sages and consciences theory.Starting from the core concept of saints,Wang Yangming believed that conscience is the natural principle,which is the premise and internal basis for sanctification.Therefore,he advocated the view that the streets are full of saints and made the concept of saints popular.On the practice of sanctification,Wang Yangming believed the development and popularization of conscience is an important practice process of sanctification.It is not enough to only know conscience,but to achieve conscience,to constantly pursue natural principles in life,to abandon selfish desires,and to reveal a pure conscience.Starting from the position of man in the universe,Wang Yangming expounded the sage state of the unity of all things from the perspectives of"becoming oneself"and"becoming others".Now,Wang Yangming's sage view is still of great value to individuals and the society.It not only contributes to our pursuit of ideal personality,but also has a positive impact on the construction of national spiritual civilization and socialism with Chinese characteristics.