浅谈安口窑瓷器发展阶段及特征

Brief Discussion on the Development Stage and Characteristics of Ankou Kiln Porcelain

安口窑坐落在我国甘肃华亭县安口镇杨家沟境内,始创于宋代,盛行于明清时代,又叫“陇上窑”,以烧缸窑、碗窑和各类民用瓷为大宗,属耀州窑和磁州窑类窑炉,为我国西北较为出名的民瓷窑炉。清代末期,由于粮食供给不足,窑址从原有的杨家沟地区迁往了老窑头镇境内,由此著名的“陇上窑”时期宣告结束,步入了又一灿烂的“安口窑”。到了民国时期,生产作坊的店铺规模曾增加至140多家。中华人民共和国成立后,由于政府重视和保护,安口窑得到了迅速恢复并逐渐成为西北地区重要的民窑之一,也是我国古代北方名窑中保存最完好的一支。该文主要论述了安口窑各时期发展的特点,并对各时期创烧瓷器类型进行了分析研究。

Ankou Kiln is located in Yangjiagou,Ankou Town,Huating County,Gansu Province,China.It was founded in the Song Dynasty and was popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It is also called"Longshang Kiln".It is a famous folk porcelain kiln in northwest China,with a large number of cylinder kilns,bowl kilns and various types of civil porcelain.At the end of the Qing Dynasty,due to the lack of food supply,the kiln site was moved from the original Yangjiagou area to Laoyaotou Town,thus the famous"Longshang Kiln"period ended and entered another brilliant"Ankou Kiln".By the time of the Republic of China,the size of production workshops had increased to more than 140.After the founding of the People's Republic of China,due to the attention and protection of the government,Ankou Kiln has been rapidly restored and gradually become one of the important folk kilns in the northwest region,and is also the most well-preserved one of the famous kilns in ancient northern China.This paper mainly discusses the characteristics of the development of Ankou Kiln in different periods,and analyzes and studies the types of porcelain created and fired in different periods.