不同播种方式对谷子抗倒伏性及产量的影响

Effects of Planting Methods on Lodging Resistance and Yield of Foxtail Millet

为了促进谷子高产栽培,以嫩选20为材料,采用单因素随机区组设计,设单条播、双条播、穴播3种播种方式,分析不同播种方式下嫩选20生育期、茎秆特征、抗倒伏性、产量及光合特性的差异。结果表明,与单条播相比,双条播和穴播可使谷子提前成熟2~3 d;双条播可明显改善谷子茎秆特征,增强抗倒伏性,除茎节数外,其余各茎秆指标、抗倒伏指标均显著高于单条播,各指标较单条播增加幅度为4.11%~15.78%,而穴播无显著影响;双条播、穴播均可显著改善谷子光合特性,其中双条播处理下各项光合指标最高,净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度分别比单条播增加21.04%、26.89%和22.22%。与单条播平均产量4952.15 kg·hm^(-2)相比,双条播和穴播分别增产12.03%和6.14%。综合来看双条播播种方式有利于谷子促早熟、提高抗倒伏性、改善光合特性从而达到增产的目的。

In order to promote high yield cultivation of millet,Nenxua 20 was used as the material,single strip seeding,double strip seeding and hole seeding were adopted in a single factor random block design.The differences of growth period,stem characteristics,lodging resistance,yield and photosynthetic characteristics of Nenxua 20 under different seeding methods were compared and analyzed.The results showed that compared with single strip sowing,double strip sowing and hole sowing could make the millet mature 2-3 days earlier.In addition to the number of stem nodes,the other stalk indexes and lodging resistance indexes were significantly higher than those of single strip sowing,and the increase range of each index was between 4.11%and 15.78%,while the hole sowing had no significant effect.The photosynthetic characteristics of millet were significantly improved by double-strip seeding and hole seeding,among which the photosynthetic indexes under double strip seeding were the highest,and the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance were increased by 21.04%,26.89%and 22.22%,respectively,compared with that under single strip sowing.Compared with the average yield of 4952.15 kg·ha^(-1) in single strip seeding,double strip seeding and hole seeding increased the yield by 12.03%and 6.14%,respectively.In summary,the double stripe sowing method is beneficial to promote the early maturity of millet,improve lodging resistance,improve photosynthetic characteristics,and thus achieve the purpose of increasing the yield.