转述:对话性与潜在的交际偏误

Reporting: Dialogism and potential communication error

转述就是把所发生的事件、进行中的活动、事件或活动的态势,以及人们发表的言论、观点、立场等通过书写、言说、图片、音频、视频等不同媒介传播出来,是转述者介入互动的一种方式,具有对话性。转述的对话性可以促成有效交际。但若转述不当,则会影响交际的顺利进行。本文从转述能够介入互动的角度论证转述的对话性,并结合再语境化和语法隐喻说明转述的对话性对意义传递(再现与理解)的影响。本文认为,再语境化过程中的语境变化和语法隐喻的意义潜势可能使转述传递的意义有别于原话,引发误解、增加理解成本,甚至可能导致交际失败。

Reporting reproduces events, ongoing activities, the situation of events or activities as well as people’s utterance, opinions, stance etc., and disseminates them through different media such as writing, speaking, picture, audio and video. It is a way for the people who report to engage themselves in communication and thus is featured with dialogism. This dialogism can facilitate effective communication, but improper reporting will block the smooth progress of communication. This paper demonstrates the dialogism of reporting based on its function of communication engagement. It further relates reporting to recontextualization and grammatical metaphor to explain how the dialogism of reporting affects meaning transmission(reproduction and understanding). This paper argues that the changed context during recontextualization and the meaning potential brought by grammatical metaphor may make the reproduced meaning after reporting different from its original meaning, which gives rise to misunderstanding, high understanding costs, and even communication failure.