非政府组织在巴勒斯坦社会领域的活动及其角色

On NGOs'Activities and Their Roles in Palestinian Social Field

非政府组织活跃于巴勒斯坦社会领域,主要缘于以下背景与条件:一是巴勒斯坦人的现实迫切需求;二是巴勒斯坦各方的政治需要与支持;三是伊斯兰传统的慈善文化的影响;四是以色列的默许。在巴勒斯坦,非政府组织主要在慈善与救济、医疗卫生、教育、环境等社会领域开展活动,其活动基本上可以归类为公共基础社会服务性质,其活动资金来源多样,但高度依赖国外援助。从长时段看,非政府组织在巴勒斯坦社会领域的角色多元,既是政府职能缺失弥补者与基础社会服务提供者,还是扶贫济困者,也是国际援助联系者。总体看,非政府组织在巴勒斯坦社会领域发挥着不可忽视的积极作用,但也面临自主性作用受限、以色列和西方国家的压力等挑战。

In Palestine,NGOs are very active in social field.There are four main backgrounds or factors for these activities:the Palestinians'real and urgent needs,the Palestinian Authority and various Palestinian parties'requirement and support,the traditional Islamic charitable culture's effect,and Israel's acquiescence.In Palestine,NGOs'key activity fields are charity and relief,healthy,education and environment.These activities belong to public basic social service by nature,which are funded from a variety of sources but are highly dependent on foreign aid.These NGOs play important roles.They make up for the lack of government functions,provide basic social service,and help the poor and the needy.Moreover,they are international aid's linkman.In general,the NGOs in Palestine have been playing active roles which can not be ignored,but they face a lot of challenges,such as limited autonomy,and the pressure from Israeli government and the West countries etc.