硬膜外麻醉分娩镇痛对初产妇生产指标和盆底功能的影响

Effect of Epidural Analgesia on Childbirth Index and Pelvic Floor Function of Primipara

目的:研究硬膜外麻醉分娩镇痛对初产妇生产指标和盆底功能的影响。方法:选取2021年2月—2022年5月在湖北理工学院附属黄石爱康医院分娩的80例初产妇作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为试验组和对照组,各40例。对照组采用自然待产分娩,试验组采用硬膜外麻醉分娩镇痛。比较两组生产指标、镇痛效果、盆底功能差异。结果:试验组的阴道分娩率高于对照组,中转剖宫产率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组的第一产程、总产程时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组的产后疼痛程度轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);分娩后42 d,试验组的盆底肌力强度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:硬膜外麻醉分娩镇痛能有效改善初产妇分娩方式,不会对初产妇产后2 h出血量、新生儿1 min Apgar评分、会阴撕裂率、会阴侧切率造成影响,同时积极改善初产妇的盆底功能。

Objective:To study the effect of epidural analgesia on childbirth index and pelvic floor function of primipara.Method:A total of 80 primipara who were delivered in Huangshi Love&Health Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Polytechnic University from February 2021 to May 2022 were selected as the research objects,and they were divided into experimental group and control group by random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The control group used natural labor,and the experimental group used epidural anesthesia for labor analgesia.The differences of childbirth index,analgesic effect and pelvic floor function between the two groups were compared.Result:The vaginal delivery rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group,and the rate of conversion to cesarean section was lower than that of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the first stage of labor and the total stage of labor in the experimental group were shorter than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the degree of postpartum pain in the experimental group was lighter than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);at 42 days after delivery,the strength of pelvic floor muscle in the test group was better than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Epidural anesthesia for labor analgesia can effectively improve the delivery mode of primipara,have no impact on the postpartum blood loss of primipara 2 hours,Apgar score of newborns 1 minute,perineal tear rate,perineal lateral resection rate,and actively improve the pelvic floor function of primipara.