口腔正畸在错[牙合]畸形伴牙列缺损中的应用及其对咬合功能的影响

Application of Orthodontics in Malocclusion with Dentition Defect and Its Influence on Occlusal Function

目的:探讨口腔正畸在错[牙合]畸形伴牙列缺损中的应用效果及其对咬合功能的影响。方法:选取2019年1月—2021年10月厦门大学附属翔安医院收治的72例错[牙合]畸形伴牙列缺损患者。根据随机数表法将其分为对照组及观察组,各36例。对照组给予口腔修复治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用口腔正畸治疗。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前及修复后3个月牙周指标、咬合功能、口腔健康生活质量及不良事件。结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。修复后3个月,观察组龈沟出血指数(SBI)、牙龈指数(GI)及菌斑指数(PLI)均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。修复后3个月,观察组最大咬合力、最大咬合接触面积均大于对照组,咬合力不对称指数低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。修复后3个月,观察组口腔生理功能、心理功能、行为影响、疼痛与不适评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良事件发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:口腔正畸能提高错[牙合]畸形伴牙列缺损患者的临床疗效,降低SBI、GI、PLI,加快咬合功能恢复,减少食物嵌顿等发生,改善口腔健康生活质量。

Objective:To investigate the application of orthodontics in malocclusion with dentition defect and its influence on occlusal function.Method:From January 2019 to October 2021,72 patients with malocclusion with dentition defect who admitted to Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University were selected.According to the random number table method,they were divided into control group and observation group,36 cases in each group.The control group was given oral restoration treatment,and the observation group was added the orthodontic treatment on the basis of the control group.The clinical efficacy,periodontal index,occlusal function,oral health quality of life before treatment and 3 months after restoration and adverse events were compared between the two groups.Result:The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At 3 months after restoration,the sulcus bleeding index(SBI),gingival index(GI)and plaque index(PLI)scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).At 3 months after restoration,the maximum bite force and maximum occlusal contact area of the observation group were greater than those of the control group,and the asymmetry index of bite force was lower than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).At 3 months after restoration,the scores of oral physiological function,psychological function,behavioral influence,pain and discomfort in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Orthodontics can improve the clinical efficacy of patients with malocclusion and dentition defects,reduce SBI,GI,PLI,accelerate the recovery of occlusal function,reduce the occurrence of food incarceration,and improve the quality of life in oral health.