城镇污水生物脱氮除磷研究进展

Research Progress of Biological Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal in Municipal Wastewater Treatment

传统污水处理工艺具有脱氮除磷效率低、运行能耗高、剩余污泥量大、温室气体排放缺乏有效管控等缺点,难以满足“十四五”生态文明建设对城镇污水深度处理及资源化利用的更高要求。深入研究微生物脱氮除磷理论及技术,加快新工艺工程应用步伐,是当前形势下的必然选择。基于我国城镇污水处理发展现状,文中系统介绍了污水处理从传统脱氮除磷到短程硝化反硝化、同步硝化反硝化、厌氧氨氧化及反硝化除磷的研究进展,针对现状研究的不足之处,对未来发展趋势进行展望。

The limited removal level of nitrogen and phosphorus,high consumption of energy and electricity,large amount of excess sludge,coupled with the emission of greenhouse gas,are always the shortcomings of traditional wastewater treatment,which are difficult to meet the more stringent requirements for advanced wastewater treatment and resource utilization during the“14th Five-Year Plan”.Therefore,it is an inevitable choice to deeply study the theory and technology of microbial nitrogen and phosphorus removal and speed up the application of new process engineering.Based on the development status of urban wastewater treatment at home,this paper systematically introduces the research progress of wastewater treatment from traditional nitrogen and phosphorus removal to shortcut nitrification-denitrification,simultaneous nitrification-denitrification,amammox and denitrifying phosphorus removal.Finally,the further development direction in the future are explored in view of the shortcomings of the current research.