国土空间规划权的权力配置与体系构建

Power Allocation and System Construction of Territorial Spatial Planning Power

规划权是各国国土空间规划法以及国土空间规划体系共同的基石,并且按照“属地原则”进行“央一地”两级规划权配置。然而,各国的国土规划权和空间规划权,分别在“属人”原则以及无形空间规划权能两个方向上,不同程度地超越了规划权的属地化配置。由此导致国土空间规划权配置体系的内部构造发生“一元主义”与“二元主义”的分化,规划权运行方式也产生了“单行体系”与“并行体系”的差异。考虑到我国国土规划和空间规划的不同特征,并借鉴各国国土空间规划权力体系构建的有益经验,我国应当建立以“属地+属人”为原则的国土规划权“细化执行”体系,打造以“无形空间”为客体的空间规划权“自主配置”体系,完善以“冲突化解”为目标的规划动态协调体系,进而构建一套科学、高效、规范的国土空间规划权力体系。

Planning power is the common cornerstone of national territorial spatial planning laws and territorial spatial planning systems,and the“central local”two-level planning power allocation is carried out in accordance with the“territorial principle”.However,the territorial planning power and spatial planning power of various countries go beyond the territorial allocation of planning power to varying degrees in the two directions of“personal”principle and intangible spatial planning power.This leads to the differentiation of“monism”and“dualism”in the internal structure of the allocation system of territorial spatial planning power,and the difference between“single system”and“parallel system”in the operation mode of planning power.Considering the different characteristics of China's territorial planning and spatial planning,and drawing on the beneficial experience of the construction of national territorial spatial planning power systems,China should establish a“detailed implementation”system of territorial planning power based on the principle of“territorial+personal”,and create a independent planning system of spatial planning power with“intangible space”as the object,and improve the planning dynamic coordination system with“conflict resolution”as the goal,and then create a scientific,effcient and standardized territorial spatial planning power system.