自然资源特许使用权担保适格性研究——以《民法典》第329条为基础

Research on the Eligibility of Natural Resource Concession Guarantee--Based on Article 329 of the Civil Code

自然资源特许使用权是权利人经特许取得的,具有典型排他性开发、利用国家所有的有限自然资源之权利。《民法典》第329条所确认的用益物权并非均为自然资源特许使用权。具有公权属性的自然资源特许使用权虽然并未完全为民事法律体系所接纳,但不能否认其担保适格性。在我国“双重权利承认”立法模式下,在认可土地/海域使用权与其他自然资源特许使用权相互独立的基础上,应当允许其他自然资源特许使用权在不违反民事法律基本原则的前提下参照适用《民法典》物权编相关规定设定担保,并处理好其他自然资源特许使用权与土地/海域使用权之间的关系。

The natural resource concession is the right of the right holder to exploit and utilize the limited natural resources owned by the state with typical exclusivity.Not all usufruct rights recognized in article 329 of the Civil Code are natural resource concessions.Although the natural resource concession with the attribute of publice rights has not been fully accepted by the civil legal system,its guarantee eligibility cannot be denied.Under the legislative model of“dual recognition of rights”in China,on the basis of recognizing the independence of land/sea area use rights and other natural resource concessions,other natural resource concessions should be allowed to create security with reference to the relevant provisions of the“P roperty Rights Part”of the Civil Code without violating the basic principles of civil law,and the coordination relationship between other natural resource concessions and land/sea area use rights should be handled well.