液体地膜覆盖对加工番茄产量与品质的影响

Effects of Liquid Film Mulching on Yield and Quality of Processing Tomato

以加工番茄品种“KF1501”为试材,采用随机区组设计,设置了2个不同成分的液体地膜处理(A和B),以塑料地膜覆盖为对照,研究了滴灌条件下液体地膜与塑料地膜覆盖土壤水热状况的差异,以期明确液体地膜对加工番茄产量和品质的影响程度。结果表明:液体地膜处理各土层平均温度较对照显著降低,A、B处理分别较对照降低了1.6%~2.3%和2.6%~4.0%,各土层处理间累积温差无显著差异;地膜处理0~30 cm土壤水分含量显著高于对照,30 cm以下土层处理间无显著性差异,A、B处理在0~30 cm土层分别较对照提高了30.4%~53.3%和34.3%~64.6%;液体地膜处理的产量显著高于对照,处理B和A分别较对照提高了20.8%和12.4%;与对照相比,液体地膜处理对加工番茄可溶性固形物含量、番茄红素、色差等加工品质无显著影响。因此,液体地膜覆盖能够满足加工番茄生长对水分和热量的需求,具有增产液体的效果,对品质无显著影响。

The processing tomato variety ‘KF1501’ was used as the experimental material, and a random block design was adopted.Two liquid mulching films with different components were set up, namely A and B,and plastic mulching film was used as the control.The difference of soil moisture and heat under drip irrigation was studied, in order to determine the effect of liquid mulch on the yield and quality of processing tomato.The results showed that the average temperature of each soil layer covered with liquid film was significantly lower than that of the control, the average temperature of A and B treatments was 1.6%-2.3% and 2.6%-4.0% lower than that of the control respectively, and there was no significant difference in the accumulated temperature among the treatments.The soil moisture content of 0-30 cm layer treated with liquid film was significantly higher than that of the control, and there was no significant difference between the treatments below 30 cm.The soil moisture content of A and B treatments in 0-30 cm layer was increased by 30.4%-53.3% and 34.3%-64.6% respectively.The yield of liquid film treatment was significantly higher than that of control, treatment B and A increased by 20.8% and 12.4%,respectively.Compared with the control, the liquid film treatment had no significant effect on the processing quality such as soluble solid content, lycopene and color difference.Therefore, the liquid film mulching can meet the needs of water and heat for the growth of processing tomato, which has the effect of increasing yield, but had no significant effect on quality.With the amount of mother liquor increased, the output also increased.