河南省新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染者临床症状影响因素分析

Analysis on the influencing factors for COVID-19 Omicron variant cases’ clinical symptoms in Henan Province

目的 分析河南省新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株感染者临床症状的影响因素,指导疫情防控。方法 将河南省安阳市2022年1月本土Omicron感染者作为研究对象,收集其流行病学调查、实验室检测等信息,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 共报告468例感染者,其中重型2例(0.4%),无死亡病例,具有临床症状的90例(19.2%);38例(8.1%)未接种或未全程接种新型冠状病毒(简称新冠)疫苗,92例(19.7%)完成全程接种新冠疫苗超过6个月(含完成加强接种在28 d内),338例(72.2%)完成全程接种新冠疫苗在6个月内或完成加强接种超过28 d。有症状的病例中女性构成比高于男性(χ^(2)=4.270,P=0.039);全程接种在6个月内的比例低于无症状的病例(χ^(2)=9.882,P=0.007)。多因素logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示,全程接种在6个月内及完成加强接种超过28 d是出现症状的保护因素(OR=0.455, 95%CI:0.212~0.978,P=0.044)。结论 对于Omicron,全程接种新冠疫苗在6个月内及加强接种可以减少或减轻症状,应持续推进疫苗接种工作。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors for COVID-19 Omicron variant cases’ clinical symptoms in Henan Province, so as to guide epidemic prevention and control. Methods Local Omicron variant cases in Anyang City, Henan Province in January, 2022, were selected as the study subjects. Epidemiological investigation and laboratory testing result were collected, and statistical descriptive analysis was conducted. Results A total of 468 cases of infection were reported, including 2 severe cases(0.4%). No death cases was reported. Among them, 90 cases(19.2%) had clinical symptoms, 38 cases(8.1%) were not vaccinated or did not receive full vaccination, 92 cases(19.7%) completed full vaccination for more than 6 months(including booster vaccination within 28 days), and 338 cases(72.2%) completed full vaccination within 6 months or booster vaccination for more than 28 days. In the patients with symptoms, the proportion of female was higher than that of male patients(χ^(2)=4.270, P=0.039), and the proportion of completed full vaccination within 6 months or booster vaccination for more than 28 days was lower than that of asymptomatic cases(χ^(2)=9.882, P=0.007). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that less than 6 months after full vaccination and more than 28 days after intensive vaccination were protective factors for symptoms(OR=0.455, 95% CI: 0.212-0.978, P=0.044). Conclusions For Omicron variant strains, full vaccination within 6 months and booster vaccination can reduce or alleviate symptoms.Vaccination should be continued.