辽代海疆的开拓及其经营特色探论

On the Development and Management Characteristics of the Coastal Areas in the Liao Dynasty

双轨制是辽政权在不同民族和地区所进行的较为成熟的政治实践,基于海上“备宋”和东部海疆安全的战略需要,这一实践同样在其海疆经略中得到了充分体现。建设沿海军事设施、组建海军、移民沿海地区和加强沿海军政一体化进程等举措,使辽朝的南部海疆防线得以巩固,而在北部海疆,辽则以军城、戍兵、皇帝巡狩等方式加以统辖和管理。整体上看,辽代对海疆的经略基本实现了南抑北宋、东拒高丽和北慑女真的目的。这些举措在客观上对辽沿海区域的民族融合、文化互通和经济发展等方面产生了极为深远的影响。

The dual-track system is a relatively mature political practice carried out by the Liao regime among different ethnicities and regions.Based on the strategic needs of“preparing against the Song Dynasty”at sea and the security of the eastern coastal areas,this practice had also been fully reflected in its coastal defense strategy.Building coastal military facilities and setting up navy,immigration to coastal areas and strengthening the process of coastal military-political integration have consolidated the southern coastal frontier defense of the Liao Dynasty.In the northern coastal area,Liao carried out its governance and management through military cities,garrisons,and emperor patrols.On the whole,the Liao Dynasty’s management of the coastal areas basically achieved the goal of suppressing the Northern Song Dynasty in the south,rejecting Korea in the east,and deterring Nyuzhen in the north.These measures objectively had a deep influence on the ethnic integration of the coastal areas,cultural exchange and economic development.