中国现代化道路的历史与政治之维

Factors Leading to Chinese Modernization:Historical and Political

晚清以来的中国现代化是在全球资本主义扩张的格局中起步的,主权、政治权威的衰败和社会的低组织、无组织化状态是这种结构强制的结果。由政治失败而引发的理论和实践的探索,以及为解决政治失败而兴起的战略和制度的创新构成了中国现代化的探索过程。中国现代化的经验表明,拥有一个强大政党所领导的、通过社会革命创造的、实行社会主义制度的自主国家、有效政府、平等社会和治理中心主义政策文化,是现代化成功不可或缺的必要条件。中国现代化运动中呈现的体制、经验和方案同现代化的一般条件和发展逻辑具有内在的亲和性和关联性,既体现了各国现代化的共同特征,也反映了基于历史与国情的中国特色,其意义是特殊的,也是普遍的,是中国的,也是世界的。

China’s modernization since the late Qing Dynasty started when the capitalism expanded itself worldside.As a result,this nation’s sovereignty and political authority were lost,and the society was disordered.The exploration of Chinese modernization is thus a result of the theoretical explorations and their practices urged by political failures,and the strategic social projects and revolutions that have been intended to save the nation.The experience of China’s modernization shows that it is indispensable for this nation to be independent and egalitarian with socialist system,and under the leadership of a strong political party and an efficient government in a governance-based policy culture,if it hopes to be successful in its modernization.The systems,experience and projects of the Chinese modernization reflect not only the generalities of modernization of different countries,but also Chinese characteristics based on history and national conditions,with a meaning,both particular and universal,to China and the world as well.