1+X证书制度实施的价值诉求、现实困境与创新策略

Value Appeal,Realistic Dilemma and Innovation Strategy of the 1+X Certificate System Implementation under the Background of Cooperation of General and Vocational Education

1+X证书制度实施是职业教育的重大制度创新,亦是国家系统推动技能人才评估机制改革、凸显类型教育特色的重要引擎。在全面推行普职融通环境下,1+X证书制度实施有助于缓解结构性就业矛盾、深化“三教”改革与构建终身教育体系。通过剖析当前我国1+X证书制度实施中面临的书证深度融通难度较大、资源分配效能低、系统化评估机制尚未完善、校企合作有待深入的现实困境。鉴于此,应以组织融通为导向,构建校企命运共同体;以机制融通为核心,建立动态化评估机制;以资源融通为宗旨,盘活职业教育及培训资源;以课程融通为目标,稳步推进证书职业标准融入课程体系,保证1+X证书制度稳步实施。

The 1+X certificate system implementation is a major institutional innovation in vocational education,and it is also an important engine for the national system to promote the reform of the evaluation mechanism for skilled talents and highlight the characteristics of type education.Under the environment of comprehensive implementing cooperation of general and vocational education,the 1+X certificate system implementation will help alleviate structural employment conflicts,deepen the reform of“teachers,teaching materials,teaching methods”and build a lifelong education system.By analyzing the current implementation of the 1+X certificate system in China,the practical dilemmas it faces can be summarized as follows:the difficulty of in-depth integration of documentary evidence,the low efficiency of resource allocation,the incomplete systematic evaluation mechanism,and the need for further school-enterprise cooperation.In view of this,it should take organizational integration as the guide to build a community of shared future for schools and enterprises;take mechanism integration as the core to establish a dynamic evaluation mechanism;take resource integration as the purpose to revitalize vocational education and training resources;take course accommodation as the goal to steadily promote the integration of certificate professional standards into the curriculum system,so as to ensure the steady implementation of the 1+X certificate system.