2014—2020年安徽省蚌埠市恶性肿瘤死亡特征及变化趋势分析

Epidemiological Characteristics and Trends of Cancer Mortality in Bengbu,2014—2020

[目的]分析2014—2020年安徽省蚌埠市恶性肿瘤的死亡特征和时间变化趋势,为肿瘤防治措施提供科学依据。[方法]收集、整理2014—2020年蚌埠市全市恶性肿瘤死亡数据,计算恶性肿瘤的粗死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比、年度变化百分比(annual percentage change,APC)和平均年度变化百分比(average annual percentage change,AAPC)等指标,分析不同性别、年龄别人群恶性肿瘤死亡特征及死亡率的时间趋势特征。[结果] 2014—2020年蚌埠市居民恶性肿瘤年均粗死亡率为111.30/10万,标化死亡率为72.02/10万,标化死亡率APC为0.2%(P>0.05),整体趋势平稳;分性别来看,男性恶性肿瘤粗死亡率、标化死亡率均高于女性;从年龄分布看,恶性肿瘤死亡率在35岁前处于较低水平,随着年龄增长,死亡率呈上升趋势。肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌是蚌埠市恶性肿瘤的主要死因,占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的72.56%;肺癌是男、女性共同的首位死因,标化死亡率变化趋势较为平稳;肝癌、胃癌、食管癌的标化死亡率均呈现不同程度的下降趋势(AAPC分别为-2.6%、-4.4%和-3.0%);结直肠癌标化死亡率快速增长(AAPC为6.6%);除肺癌外,其余4种恶性肿瘤男女性变化趋势一致。[结论]蚌埠市居民恶性肿瘤死亡率变化趋于平稳,肺癌和消化系统恶性肿瘤是主要恶性肿瘤死因,结直肠癌死亡出现持续上升趋势;男性、中老年群体是肿瘤防治的重点人群,推行戒烟限酒、合理膳食的健康生活方式是干预的重要方向。

[Purpose] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of cancer mortality in Bengbu from 2014 to 2020.[Methods] The mortality data of cancer in Bengbu from 2014 to 2020 were collected.Characteristics of cancer mortality and the trends in different gender and age groups were analyzed by calculating the crude mortality rate,age-standardized rate(ASR) of mortality,composition ratio,the annual percentage change(APC) and the average annual percentage change(AAPC).[Results ] The average annual crude mortality rate of cancer in Bengbu was111.30/105from 2014 to 2020,and the ASR was 72.02/105.The APC of ASR mortality was 0.2%(P>0.05),indicating a stable overall trend.In terms of gender,the crude mortality rate and ASR of males was higher than that of females.The mortality rate of cancer was at a relatively low level before the age of 35 and it increased with age.Lung cancer,liver cancer,stomach cancer,esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer were the main causes of cancer mortality in Bengbu,accounting for 72.56% of all cancer.Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality for both men and women with a relatively stable ASR.The ASR mortality of liver cancer,gastric cancer,and esophageal cancer showed a downward trend and the AAPCs were-2.6%,-4.4% and-3.0%,respectively.However,the ASR mortality of colorectal cancer increased rapidly(AAPC was 6.6%).Except for lung cancer,the remaining 4 types of cancer showed the same trends in both men and women [Conclusion] From 2014 to 2020,the mortality rate of cancer among residents in Bengbu has tended to be stable.Lung cancer and digestive system cancers are the main causes of cancer mortality,and the mortality rates of colorectal cancer continue to rise.Male,middle-aged and elderly people are the key population for cancer prevention and treatment.