产业结构升级、教育提升与中国城镇女性就业——基于教育水平与产业结构协同发展的视角

Industrial Structure Upgrading,Education Development and Urban Female Employment in China——From the Perspective of the Coordinated Development of Education Level and Industrial Structure

21世纪以来中国城镇女性高等教育普及率大幅提高,可能对女性就业存在显著影响。本文基于女性受教育水平、产业结构与女性就业三者关联视角的实证研究发现,当地第二产业内部代表低端制造业的加工贸易比重越高,女性高等教育普及率的提升越难以促进女性就业;高端服务业越发达,女性高等教育普及率提升越能促进女性就业。稳健性与异质性检验显示,教育促进城镇女性就业的效果受到当地产业结构升级状况的制约,当产业结构向高级化发展,教育促进城镇女性就业的效果就会显著增强,且女性受教育层次越高,刺激效果就越强。

China's urban female popularity rate of higher education has increased significantly since the 21st century,and the phenomenon may have a significant influence on female employment.Based on the associative perspective of the relationship among famales' education level,industrial structure and female employment,the empirical research here showed that,a higher proportion of lowend manufacturing industry in local secondary industry might have an inhibiting effect on promoting famale employment driven by the improvement of the female popularity rate of higher education,while a higher proportion of high-end service industry had a promoting effect.The tests of robustness and heterogeneity revealed that,local condition of industrial upgrading might strict the effect of education on promoting urban female employment.That is to say,an advanced industrial structure might significantly strengthen the promoting effect of education on urban female employment,and the strengthening effect was more evident for the females having a higher educational level.