当设计教学成为一门学问——赫伯特·克莱默的建筑教育遗产及对当代中国建筑教育的影响

When Design Teaching Becomes a Scholarship--The Legacy of Herbert Kramel’s Architectural Education and Its Impact on Contemporary Chinese Architectural Education

赫伯特·克莱默是一位对当代中国建筑教育产生巨大影响的瑞士建筑学者和教育家,但似乎在生前并未获得显赫名声。聚焦于克莱默在ETH-Z的“基础设计”课程,从教案设计、教学组织、教学执行以及教学研究4个方面呈现他的教学特色。克莱默的历史贡献在于该课程经由东南大学与ETH-Z的“南京交流”计划传到国内,为1980年代对理性化设计教学的呼求提供了一个极其有效的现成答案。然而以今天的视角来看,克莱默的持续影响力更体现在他作为一个杰出的设计教学研究者对现今研究型大学设计教师的楷模作用。

Herbert Kramel is a Swiss architect and educator who has had a great impact on contemporary Chinese architectural education,but did not seem to have gained a prominent reputation in his lifetime.Focusing on Kramel’s Basic Design course at ETH-Z,the characteristics of his teaching method can be understood from four perspectives:namely,program design,teaching organization,teaching execution,and pedagogic research.Kramel’s historical contribution lies in that,through Nanjing Exchange program between SEU and ETH-Z,his Basic Design course provided a highly effective ready solution to the call for rationalized design teaching in China in the 1980s.However,from today’s perspective,Kramel’s consistent influence is more reflected in his exemplary role model,as an outstanding researcher on design pedagogy,for design teachers in today’s research university.