低压缸零出力改造对配备碳捕集燃煤电站灵活性提升作用分析

Analysis of the effect of zero-output modification of low-pressure turbine on the flexibility enhancement of coal-fired power plants equipped with carbon capture

为研究脱碳对火电机组的影响,建立仿真模型分析了火电机组碳捕集改造常规方案的性能变化,进一步提出了低压缸零出力方案提升机组灵活性。常规方案以中压缸排汽为再沸器热源,低压缸零出力方案切断低压缸进汽。一方面,以300 MW燃煤电站为例,分别对2种方案进行分析;另一方面,以西北某省为研究对象,预测2种方案对全省火电的影响。结果表明:常规方案下机组出力空间由87~300 MW缩减至147~217 MW,额定工况的供电效率由37.32%下降至27.02%,机组最小负荷率约升高至70%;采用低压缸零出力方案时,机组负荷空间被拓宽到47~217 MW,为常规方案的2.44倍;对于所讨论的西北省份而言,常规方案下全省火电出力空间由1 103~3 940 MW缩减至1 875~2 793 MW,低压缸零出力方案下,出力空间被拓宽为550~2 793 MW。

To study the effect of decarbonization on thermal power units, a simulation model is established to analyze the performance changes of the conventional scheme of carbon capture retrofitting in thermal power units.Moreover, a zero-output scheme of a low-pressure turbine is further proposed to improve the flexibility of the units.The conventional method uses the exhaust steam of the intermediate-pressure cylinder as the reboiler heat source,and the zero-output scheme of the low-pressure cylinder cuts off the low-pressure cylinder inlet steam. On one hand,the two methods are analyzed separately by taking a 300 MW coal-fired power unit as an example. On the other hand, the effects of the two schemes on thermal power units of the whole province is predicted by taking a province in northwest China as a research object. The results show that, the unit output range under the conventional scheme is reduced from 87~300 MW to 147~217 MW, and the power supply efficiency under rated operating conditions decreases from 37.32% to 27.02%. The minimum unit load ratio increases to about 70%. The unit load range ise widened to 47~217 MW when the zero output scheme of the low-pressure cylinder is adopted, which is 2.44 times of that of the conventional scheme. For the discussed northwestern province, the thermal power output range is reduced from 1 103~3 940 MW to 1 875~2 793 MW under the conventional scheme, and the output range is widened to 550~2 793 MW under the low-pressure cylinder zero output scheme.