生态补偿、心理认知与湿地保护行为意愿研究——以陕西汉中朱鹮国家级自然保护区周边社区为例

Impacts of Wetland Ecological Compensation and Psychological Cognition on Rural Household Protection Willingness and Behavior——A Case Study of Surrounding Communities of National Protected Areaof Crested Ibis in Shaanxi Province

本文基于陕西朱鹮自然保护区周边社区928份有效农户数据,在传统计划行为理论中加入了生态补偿政策变量,采用结构方程模型实证分析了生态补偿政策如何通过影响心理因素进而增强周边农户湿地保护意愿和行为。研究结果表明:农户的行为态度通过增强其湿地保护意愿,进而间接正向影响农户保护行为,在1%的显著性水平下通过检验,其影响程度分别为0.071、0.066;生态补偿政策对农户湿地保护意愿有正向影响,在5%的显著性水平下通过检验,其影响程度为0.181,说明生态补偿政策对湿地保护行为的直接激励效应尚未得到充分发挥,存在进一步提升的空间。因此,有必要通过完善湿地生态补偿政策和强化生态意识激发农户湿地保护意愿和行为,进而提升生态系统质量和稳定性。相关部门应对补偿水田进行跟踪调查,建立水田保护评价和奖励机制,同时为农户提供更多参与湿地保护活动的机会和绿色农业生产的指导。

This study selected 928 effective rural household data from the surrounding communities of Crested Ibis Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Province,introduced the eco-compensation policy and empirically analyzed how eco-compensation policy enhances the surrounding rural household willingness and behavior of wetland protection by influencing psychological factors.The results showed that:rural household behavioral attitude had a positive impact on their willingness to protect wetlands,and their willingness to protect wetlands had a positive impact on rural household behavior of protecting wetlands at the significance level of 1%,the impact degree is 0.071 and 0.066,wetland ecological compensation policy had a positive impact on rural household willingness to protect wetlands at the significance level of 5%,and the impact degree is 0.181,that eco-compensation policies for wetland protection behavior of incentive effect had not been fully play,there is further room for improvement.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the wetland ecological compensation policy and strengthen ecological awareness to stimulate rural household wetland protection willingness and behavior,and then improve the quality and stability of ecosystem.Relevant departments should conduct follow-up investigation on compensated paddy fields,establish protection evaluation and reward mechanisms for paddy fields,and provide household with more opportunities to participate in wetland protection activities and more guidance on green agriculture production.