剖判与镜鉴:阿伦·奈斯深层生态学论要

Dissection and Mirroring:Essays on Deep Ecology of Arne Naess

作为西方环境主义思潮中最具革命性的代表理论,挪威学者阿伦·奈斯创立的深层生态学深刻批判了人类中心主义,并对人与自然的关系进行了深入的哲学省思。奈斯深层生态学的整体主义自然观和方法论与马克思主义生态整体观高度契合,蕴涵着宝贵的系统辩证的思维与精神。衡之于历史唯物主义,其又存在着人的主体性的缺失、神秘主义等明显缺陷。新时代的生态文明建设,亟需在变革传统的人类中心主义自然观和避免陷入生态中心主义困境的双重努力中,最大程度地实现人与自然和谐共生。

As the most revolutionary representative theory in the western environmentalism trend,the Deep Ecology founded by Norwegian scholar Arne Naess profoundly criticized anthropocentrism and conducted in-depth philosophical reflection on the relationship between man and nature.Balanced with Historical Materialism,Arne Naess' holistic view of nature and methodology is highly compatible with the Marxist ecological holistic view and environmental protection concept.Obvious defects such as subjectivity and ignoring the intermediary role of practice.This suggests to us that in the construction of ecological civilization in the new era,it is urgent to realize the harmonious coexistence of man and nature to the greatest extent in the dual efforts of reforming the traditional anthropocentric view of nature and avoiding falling into the dilemma of eco-centrism.