减施基肥追施钾肥对设施辣椒产量的影响

Effects of Reducing Base Chemical Fertilizers and Applying Potassium Fertilizers on Pepper Yield in Greenhouse

为探索追施钾肥对辣椒减肥增效的应用效果,通过设置5个施肥处理:常规施肥(CK)、80%常规施肥(T_(1))、80%常规施肥+高钾水溶肥(T_(2))、60%常规施肥(T_(3))、60%常规施肥+高钾水溶肥(T4),开展不同施肥方式对设施辣椒物候期、形态特征、花果特性、产量的影响研究。结果表明:与当地常规施肥相比,T_(2)处理在常规施肥减少20%基肥的基础上,在花期、果期有针对性地追施高钾水溶肥,可使辣椒采收期延长14d,单株结果数增加2.6个,有效实现增产9579.0kg/hm~2,增产幅度达到41.0%,增效达38 316元/hm~2。该施肥方式可作为辣椒减肥增效生产的参考。

In order to explore the application effect of potassium fertilizer on reduction and increase efficiency of pepper,five fertilization treatments were set:conventional fertilization(CK),80% conventional fertilization(T_1),80% conventional fertilization + high potassium water-soluble fertilizer(T_(2)),60% conventional fertilization(T_(3)),60% conventional fertilization + high potassium water-soluble fertilizer(T_(4)),the effects of different fertilization methods on phenological period,morphological characteristics,flower or fruit characteristics and yield of pepper in greenhouse was studied.The results show that compared with the local conventional fertilization,T_(2) treatment which on the basis of reducing base fertilizer by 20% under conventional fertilization,the targeted application of high potassium water-soluble fertilizer at flowering and fruiting stages could prolong the harvest period for 14 days,increase the numbers of fruit per plant by 2.6,and effectively increase the yields of 9 579.0 kg/hm~2 by 41.0% and increase profits of 38 316 yuan/hm~2.This fertilization method could be used as reference for feitilizer reduction and increasing efficiency of pepper planting.