双碳目标下提升能源利用效率新思路

New Ideas to Improve Energy Efficiency under the Dual Carbon Target

我国能源消费总量居世界第一位,然而能效与发达国家相比却差距较大。原因在于能源结构以煤炭为主,二次浪费严重;产业结构中制造业占比高,能耗高;循环经济效率较低,节能减排政策落地力度小,缺乏价格约束机制;以现价汇率计算的GDP使得我国能源利用效率被低估等。应大力降低煤炭消费总量和比重,发展智能电网与局域电网,提高可再生能源比重;改善制造业结构,切实提高能效;以绿色发展提高能效,注重发展氢能制造、CCUS技术等;推动人民币汇率升值预期和潜力转化为实际升值;完善能效制度建设,提高用电梯度价格,以更好地提升能源利用效率,成为实现“双碳”目标的重要抓手。

China’s total energy consumption ranks first in the world,but there is a big gap between China’s energy efficiency and that of developed countries.The reasons are that the energy structure is dominated by coal and the secondary waste is serious;the proportion of manufacturing industry in the industrial structure is high and the energy consumption is high;the efficiency of circular economy is low,the policy of energy saving and emission reduction is weak,and the price restraint mechanism is lacking;the GDP calculated by the current exchange rate makes China’s energy efficiency underestimated.We should vigorously reduce the total amount and proportion of coal consumption,develop smart grid and local power grid,increase the proportion of renewable energy,improve the structure of manufacturing industry,effectively improve energy efficiency,improve energy efficiency with green development,focus on the development of hydrogen energy manufacturing,CCUS technology,etc.,and promote the expected and potential appreciation of RMB exchange rate into actual appreciation;Improving the construction of energy efficiency system and raising the gradient price of electricity to better improve energy efficiency has become an important grasp to achieve the goal of“double carbon”.