不同钝化剂对大白菜产量和吸收Cu、As、Cd、Pb的影响

Effects of different amendments on yield and Cu,As,Cd,Pb uptake by Chinese cabbage

【目的】旨在为Cu-As复合污染农田土壤安全利用和蔬菜的安全生产提供理论依据。【方法】选取生物炭、土壤调理剂、腐殖酸钾、石灰粉及其组合开展田间试验,研究不同钝化剂对大白菜(Brassica bara L.)产量、地上部吸收Cu、As、Cd、Pb与土壤有效态Cu、As、Cd、Pb的影响。【结果】除石灰处理外,施用其他3种钝化剂及其组合均能明显提高大白菜产量。4种钝化剂及其组合可升高土壤pH和有机质含量,明显降低土壤中有效态Cu、As、Cd、Pb含量,与处理CK相比,施用不同钝化剂导致土壤有效态Cu降低7.25%~33.64%,有效态As降低6.67%~17.65%,有效态Cd降低18.80%~30.83%和有效态Pb降低22.42%~33.49%,其中处理BRH(生物炭+土壤调理剂+腐殖酸钾)降低效果最明显,处理BLH(生物炭+石灰粉+腐殖酸钾)次之;不同钝化剂及其组合均能降低大白菜可食用部位对Cu、As、Cd和Pb的吸收,以处理BRH降低大白菜可食用部位Cu、As、Cd、Pb的效果最显著,较处理CK分别降低51.21%、56.89%、74.67%和78.23%。【结论】在原位钝化修复Cu-As复合污染农田土壤时,BRH组合的施用效果最佳。

【Objective】The purpose of the present study is to provide theoretical basis for safe utilization of farmland soil and safe production of vegetables of heavy metal contaminated soil of Cu-As.【Method】Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of biochar,soil conditioner,potassium humate and lime and their additive proportion on the yield of Chinese cabbage(Brassica bara L.),aboveground up-take of copper(Cu),arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb)and the available Cu,As,Cd,Pb in soil.【Result】Except for lime treat-ment,the application of other three kinds of passivators and their combinations could significantly increase the yield of Chinese cab-bage.Different amendments treatment could increase soil p H and organic matter content,and significantly reduce the contents of available Cu,As,Cd and Pb in soil.Compared with CK treatment,soil available Cu decreased by 7.25%-33.64%,available As decreased by 6.67%-17.65%,available Cd decreased by 18.80%-30.83%and available Pb decreased by 22.42%-33.49%.Additions of BRH(Biochar+Soil conditioner+Potassium humate)was were most available treatments to decrease the available content of heavy metals in soil.And BLH(Biochar+Lime+Potassium humate)treatment was ranked to be the second.At the same time,different amendment and their combinations could reduce the absorption of Cu,As,Cd and Pb inedible parts of Chinese cabbage,and BRH treatment could signifi-cantly reduce the contents of Cu,As,Cd and Pb inedible parts of Chinese cabbage,which decreased by 51.21%,56.89%,74.67%and 78.23%,respectively.【Conclusion】Applying BRH additive proportion amendments was the best functional amendments for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil of Cu-As.