有机无机配施对巫溪县植烟土壤碳库的影响

Effects of combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer on soil carbon pool of tobacco planting in Wuxi county

【目的】研究有机无机配施对巫溪县植烟土壤有机碳组成、碳库管理指数及有机碳官能团的影响,为提高植烟土壤质量,合理施肥提供参考。【方法】采用大田试验,在等氮量投入的条件下设4个处理:纯化肥(CF)、纯化肥配施菇渣有机肥(CMO)、纯化肥配施高碳基肥(CHB)、纯化肥配施生物有机肥(CBO)。通过测定土壤总有机碳、活性碳组分含量和利用傅里叶红外光谱技术(FTIR)测定土壤有机碳官能团结构,研究有机无机配施对土壤碳库的影响。【结果】①与单施化肥相比,配施有机肥土壤有机碳含量略有增加,各处理间无显著差异,显著提高烤后烟产量产值。②配施有机肥处理的土壤活性碳库中的可溶性有机碳(DOC)、微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量均显著高于单施化肥处理。其中CMO处理土壤DOC含量提升最大,分别比CF、CHB、CBO提高67.13%、12.84%和28.54%;CBO处理土壤MBC含量提升最多,与CF相比土壤MBC含量增加42.32%;CHB处理土壤易氧化有机碳(EOC)比CF高11.43%。③配施有机肥的处理中,CMO处理土壤DOC分配比例最大,CBO处理土壤MBC分配比例最大,CHB处理土壤EOC分配比例最大,且CHB处理的碳库管理指数显著大于CF和CMO。④各处理有机碳官能团结构差异较小,官能团主要包括酚醇类、芳烃、烯烃、仲酰胺类。在1634 cm^(-1)处的相对峰面积与土壤MBC含量呈显著正相关,在468 cm^(-1)处的相对峰面积与土壤TOC含量呈显著负相关。【结论】与单施化肥相比,配施有机肥土壤有机碳含量有增加趋势,其中配施菇渣有机肥和生物有机肥显著提高土壤DOC和MBC含量,配施高碳基肥显著提升土壤EOC含量和碳库管理指数。短期有机无机配施对有机碳官能团影响不明显,但在1634和468 cm^(-1)处的相对峰面积与土壤TOC和MBC含量具有显著相关性,同时有机无机配施显著提高烤后烟的产量产值。

【Objective】The present paper aimed to study the impact of organic and inorganic combined application on the organic carbon com-position,carbon bank management index and organic carbon functional group of tobacco planting soil in Wuxi county,so as to provide refer-ence for improving the quality of tobacco planting soil and reasonable fertilization.【Method】Four treatments were set up under the condition of constant nitrogen input in field experiment:chemical fertilizer(CF),chemical fertilizer with mushroom slag organic fertilizer(CMO),chemical fertilizer with high carbon-based fertilizer(CHB),and chemical fertilizer with biological organic fertilizer(CBO).The effect of or-ganic and inorganic application on soil carbon reservoir was studied by measuring total organic carbon and active carbon functional group structure using Fourier infrared spectrometry(FTIR).【Result】(i)Compared with single organic fertilizer,the soil supplemented with or-ganic fertilizer was slightly increased,and there was no significant difference between the treatments,significantly increased the output value on flue-cured tobacco leaf;(ii)The DOC,MBC content of the soil active carbon bank treated with organic fertilizer was significantly higher than that of single chemical fertilizer treatment.Among them,CMO treatment showed the largest increase in soil DOC content,thus being 67.13%,12.84%,and 28.54%higher than CF,CHB,CBO,respectively.CBO treatment showed the most increase in soil MBC content,with soil MBC content increasing 42.32%compared to CF and CHB treatment showing 11.43%higher soil EOC compared to CF;(iii)A-mong the three organic fertilizers,the DOC distribution of DOC,CMO,CBO,EOC,and the carbon bank management index of CHB treat-ment was significantly greater than CF and CMO;(iv)The structure difference of each treated organic carbon functional group was small,which mainly included phenols,aromatic hydrocarbons,olefins and mesamides.The relative peak area at 1634 cm^(-1) was associated signifi-cantly positively with soil MBC content,and that at 468 cm^(-1) was associated significantly negatively with soil TOC content.【Conclusion】Compared with single organic fertilizer,soil organic residue organic fertilizer significantly improved soil DOC and MBC content and high car-bon-based fertilizer significantly improved soil EOC content and carbon bank management index.Short-term organic and inorganic distribution had little impact on organic carbon functional groups.However,the peaks at 1634 and 468 cm^(-1) were significantly associated with the soil TOC and MBC content.At the same time,organic-inorganic fertilizer significantly increased the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco.