艺术形态研究的对象与维度

The Subject and Dimension of Art Morph Research

艺术形态是艺术的整体面貌,它所指涉的不仅仅是艺术作品的形式,也不仅仅是艺术的门类,它的完整内涵是艺术的存在方式和存在样态。艺术是人们的感性的精神交流活动,因而,艺术活动的行为过程及其成果作为艺术的本体是艺术形态的描述对象。只有在具体的活动中艺术才呈现其形态,才能为人们所辨认和描述,因而,艺术活动的时空、艺术展开的方式以及艺术活动生成的艺术世界的特征,是艺术形态描述的基本维度。从这三个维度进行观察和描述,将有助于我们更加具体、全面地认知不同时期、不同地域、不同群体以及个体的艺术的形态特征。这种描述若能形神兼备,就可以避免以往艺术形态研究的机械和片面,从而使艺术形态研究充满活力且有更大作为。

Art morph is the overall appearance of art.It doesn’t only include the form of art works or the category of art.Its complete connotation is the existence pattern and the existence state of art.Art is a perceptual and spiritual communication activity of people.Therefore,as the noumenon of art,the behavioral process and results of art activities are the description subject of art morph.Art only presents its morph in specific activities and then can be recognized and described.As a result,the time and space of art activities,the way of art development,and the characteristics of the art world generated by art activities are the basic dimensions of art morph description.Observation and description from these three dimensions will help us,in a more specific and comprehensive way,understand the morphological characteristics of art of different periods,regions,groups and individuals.If this description conveys both form and spirit of art works,it can avoid the mechanical and one-sided art form research in the past so that the art morph research will have more vitality and more achievements.