数字经济背景下我国开放银行建设:趋势、风险与监管

China ’s open bank construction under the background of digital economy: trends, risks and supervision

面对数字经济革命带来的冲击,开放银行通过与商业生态系统共享数据、算法、交易、流程和其他业务功能,打造平台化的商业理念,为银行创造新的价值。利用报表词频统计和与非银行金融机构的比较分析,本文实证研究显示,2018年以来我国银行业明显加大了开放银行建设,其中盈利能力差和风险水平高的银行更是将开放银行视为转型升级的重要方向。然而,开放银行也带来了数据泄露、网络安全等新的风险,实证结果也证实,开放银行建设明显提升了银行的违规概率。因此,面对数字经济背景下我国银行业发展开放银行的总体目标,一方面根据不同类型银行的市场定位,政府有关部门要加强顶层设计、构建数据开放共享平台等推动开放银行发展;另一方面针对开放银行的潜在风险,监管层也要探索建立资质准入有限竞争模式、运用监管科技等加强开放银行监管。

In the face of the impact brought by the digital economic revolution, Open Bank shares data, algorithms, transactions, processes and other business functions with the business ecosystem to create a platform-based business concept and create new value for banks.Using report word frequency statistics and comparative analysis with non-bank financial institutions, the empirical research in this paper shows that since 2018, my country ’s banking industry has significantly increased the construction of open banking, and banks with poor profitability and high risk levels regard open banking as an important direction of transformation and upgrading. However, open banking has also brought new risks such as data leakage and network security, and the empirical results also confirm that the construction of open banking has significantly increased the probability of violations by banks. Therefore, in the face of the overall goal of China ’s banking industry to develop open banking under the background of the digital economy, on the one hand, according to the market positioning of different types of banks, relevant government departments should strengthen the top-level design, build a data sharing platform, and promote the development of open banking;on the other hand, in view of the potential risks of open banking, regulators should also explore the establishment of a limited competition model for qualification access and use regulatory technology to strengthen open banking supervision.