综合运用宏观政策工具应对气候相关金融风险

Comprehensive use of macro policy tools to deal with climate-related financial risks

应对气候相关金融风险是一项系统工程。为了控制未来全球气温升高和衍生的气候风险,各国支持绿色发展、加强气候相关金融风险管理的宏观政策工具呈现多样化趋势。我国应对气候相关金融风险面临的主要问题包括:能源需求持续增长,能源结构转型任务艰巨;跨地区、多部门协调应对气候相关金融风险的能力不高;全国碳市场交易总体还不够活跃;棕色资产界定标准不明确,转型金融滞后于绿色金融;货币政策审慎管理与气候风险管理不匹配。为综合运用宏观政策工具应对气候相关金融风险,我国应完善财政政策对气候转型的政策支持,货币政策应继续深化绿色金融发展,构建转型金融框架体系,强化气候相关金融风险的信息披露,不断丰富应对气候转型风险的货币审慎工具,提高国内多部门协调应对气候相关金融风险的能力,加强气候风险审慎管理的国际合作。

Responding to climate-related financial risks is a systematic project. In order to control future global temperature rise and related climate risks, the macro policy tools of various countries to support green development and strengthen the management of climate-related financial risks are showing a trend of diversification. The main problems China faces in dealing with climate-related financial risks include the continuous growth of energy demand and the arduous task of energy structure transformation;the ability to coordinate and respond to climate-related financial risks across regions and departments is not high;the overall national carbon market transactions are not active enough;the definition of brown assets is not clear, and transition finance lags behind green finance;prudent management of monetary policy does not match climate risk management. In order to comprehensively use macro policy tools to deal with climate-related financial risks, China should improve fiscal policy support for climate transition, monetary policy should continue to deepen the development of green finance, build a transitional financial framework system, strengthen information disclosure of climate-related financial risks, and continuously enrich monetary prudential tools to deal with climate transition risks, improve the ability of domestic multi-departments coordination to respond to climate-related financial risks, and strengthen international cooperation in prudent management of climate risks.