城镇化对老年人身体健康水平与主观幸福感的影响——基于中国综合社会调查混合截面数据

Impact of Urbanization on the Physical Health Level and Subjective Well-Being of Aging Population——Based on the Mixed Cross-Sectional Data of Chinese General Social Survey

基于中国综合社会调查混合截面数据,运用Oprobit模型,实证分析在全国城镇化推进中,城镇化从人口、土地、基础设施、环境污染、居民生活和经济发展等方面对老年人的身体健康水平和主观幸福感产生的影响。研究发现,基础设施水平对老年人主观幸福感产生积极影响,人口城镇化水平和居民生活水平抑制老年人的主观幸福感。进一步划分年龄和地区异质性分析发现,城镇化对高龄老人的影响明显大于低龄老人,对中西部地区的影响明显大于东部地区。研究结果有助于政府针对不同年龄层和不同地区的老年人确立健康完善的地区城镇化建设,更好地促进各地区老年人身体与精神的健康发展。

Based on the mixed cross-sectional data of Chinese General Social Survey, this paper used an Oprobit model to empirically analyze the impact of urbanization on the physical health level and subjective well-being of aging population in terms of population, land, infrastructure, environmental pollution, residents’ life and economic development in national urbanization process.The empirical results showed that, infrastructure level had a positive impact on the subjective well-being of aging population, while the urbanization level of population and residents’ living standard had an inhibiting effect. Further analysis of age division and regional heterogeneity showed that, the impact of urbanization was significantly greater on the oldest-old and in middle-western regions rather than on the younger-age eldly and in eastern region. The research results could help the government to establish healthy and perfect regional urbanization construction policies for the elderly at different ages and in various regions, so as to better promote the healthy development in the body and mind of aging population in various regions.