安得广厦聚英才:基于房产限购政策实施的职工学历结构研究

A Study on the Educational Structure of Employees Based on the Implementation of Property Restriction Policy

对人才的需求成为各地新时代经济发展的关键因素,探讨住宅市场与人才吸引力具有重要的理论和实践意义。基于2014~2019年中国A股上市公司数据,本文利用房产限购政策建立双重差分模型,考察房产限购政策对于职工学历结构的影响。研究发现,房产限购政策对于上市公司高学历员工比重存在显著且稳健的正向影响,这种影响主要通过使房屋价格降低,进而增加企业创新提升上市公司中高学历员工的比重;房产限购政策在东部、中部和西部城市中对其职工学历结构均存在正向影响,但对东部的正向影响更显著,房产限购政策对位于中低等级城市的企业职工学历结构的正向影响更显著,房产限购政策对非国有企业职工学历结构的正向影响更显著。由此,地方政府应通过改善当地住房条件进一步强化人力资本投资。

The demand for talent has become a key factor for economic de-velopment in the new era everywhere,but high housing prices can seriously af-fect the cost of living and working,and it is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the residential market and talent attractiveness.According to data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2014 to 2019,a double-differ-ence model was established to examine the influence of the property purchase restriction policy on the educational structure of employees,and it was found that:the property purchase restriction policy has a significant and robust positive influence on the proportion of highly educated employees in listed companies,and this influence mainly increases the prpportion of highly educated employees in listed companies by making housing prices lower and thus increasing corpo-rate innovation;this paper The paper further finds that the property purchase re-striction policy has a positive effect on the educational structure of employees in eastern,central and western cities,but the positive effect is greater for firms in the east,the positive effect is greater for firms located in middle and low-rank-ing cities,and the positive effect of the property purchase restriction policy on the educational structure of employees in non-state-owned enterprises is signifi-cantly greater than that for state_owned enterprises.As a result,local govern-ments should further strengthen human capital investment by improving local housing conditions.