“五育并举”视域下“融合教育”的中国智慧——从“有教无类”到“随班就读”再到“走班选读”

The Chinese Wisdom of “Integrated Education” from the Perspective of “Simultaneous Development of Five Kinds of Education”——From “Making No Discrimination in Teaching” To “Learning in Regular Classes” And Then to “Choosing Courses Freely”

落实立德树人根本任务重在“五育并举”。立足新时代“五育并举”追求全体学生全面发展的新高度、从公平和质量历史新方位认识的视角,审视联合国教科文组织1994年的《萨拉曼卡宣言》和2015年的《教育2030行动框架》中提出的“融合教育”,不难发现,我国两千多年前提出的“有教无类”饱含宝贵的“融合教育”智慧,堪称世界“融合教育”思想的源头;当代我国“随班就读”的成功经验开创了世界“融合教育”的中国模式;未来“走班选读”的前瞻谋划将为人类命运共同体理念下的世界“融合教育”创新发展提供中国方案,彰显中国气派。

The fundamental task of establishing virtue and cultivating people is to“develop five kinds of education simultaneously”. Based on the simultaneous development of five kinds of education in the new era with the purpose of pursuing a new height of all-round development of all students,and from a new historical perspective of fairness and quality,a review was made of the “integrated education”proposed in the Salamanca Declaration in 1994 and the Education 2030 Framework for Action in 2015 of UNESCO. It is easy to find that the theory of “teaching without discrimination”proposed more than 2000 years ago in our country is full of wisdom of “integrated education”,which can be called the source of the idea of“integrated education”in the world;The successful experience of“studying in regular classes”in China has created a Chinese model of“integrated education”in the world;And the prospective plan of “choosing courses freely”in the future will provide a Chinese plan for the innovative development of“integrated education”in the world under the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind,showing the Chinese style.