善良人格影响善行表达的边界条件:基于控制与直觉加工的视角

How Does Virtuous Personality Influence Individuals'Exhibition of Virtuous Deeds Based on the Perspective of Deliberate and Heuristic Processing

为了探究善良人格影响善行表达的边界条件,本研究基于善行表达的双加工系统模型,设计了两个实验研究,分别探讨了时间压力和自我控制资源耗损在善良人格与善行表达之间的调节作用。结果发现:(1)时间压力调节了善良人格与善行表达的关系。在高时间压力下,善良人格显著正向预测善行表达,高善良倾向者善行表现优于低善良倾向者;在低时间压力下,高、低善良倾向者的善行表现无显著差异;(2)自我控制资源耗损在善良人格与善行表达之间起调节作用。在高自我耗损条件下,善良人格可以正向预测善行表达,高善良倾向者的善行表现更高;在低自我耗损条件下,低善良倾向者的善行表现向好,且与高善良倾向者无显著差异。这些结果提示我们,通过营造友善的社会氛围,形成良好的社会规范,构建安全的社会保障,训练个体的自我控制能力,可以在一定程度上提升人们做好事的可能性。

To explore the boundary conditions of virtuous personality affecting individuals’good deeds,two experiments were designed based on the dual-processing system model of doing goodness.The moderating effects of time pressure and ego depletion on the relationship between virtuous personality and exhibition of virtuous deeds were discussed respectively.The results showed that(1)Time pressure moderated the relationship between virtuous personality and exhibition of virtuous deeds.Under the condition of high time pressure,virtuous personality significantly predicted the exhibition of virtuous deeds,and those with high virtuous disposition performed better than those with low virtuous disposition;under low time pressure condition,there was no significant difference in the exhibition of virtuous deeds between high and low virtuous disposition;(2)The ego depletion played a moderating role between virtuous personality and exhibition of virtuous deeds.Under the condition of high ego depletion,the virtuous personality can predict the exhibition of virtuous deeds positively,and the virtuous deeds of the high virtuous disposition are higher;under the condition of low ego depletion,the virtuous deeds of the low virtuous disposition tend to be better,and there is no significant difference between the low virtuous disposition and the high virtuous disposition.These results suggest that people can improve the possibility of doing good deeds to a certain extent by creating a friendly social atmosphere,forming good social norms,building a safe social security,and training individual self-control ability.