纯棉吸湿速干纺织品研究现状与开发

Research status and development of pure cotton moisture absorbing and quick⁃dry textile

为赋予纯棉类面料吸湿速干功能,探究了纯棉吸湿速干纺织品的研究现状。分析了利用纤维改性、纱线和织物的结构设计、功能整理等实现纯棉产品吸湿速干的方法,并结合仿生学原理以改变纱线微观结构的方式进行了纯棉吸湿速干面料的研发实践。采用长丝短纤复合纺纱、短纤包短纤、异材质条混共3种方式开发纯棉吸湿速干面料,并阐述了其开发要点。认为:开发纯棉吸湿速干面料的重点在于实现水分子高逃逸率,以及合理的结构设计实现汗液由内向外传导。

In order to give moisture absorption and quick⁃dry function to pure cotton fabrics,research status of moisture absorption and quick⁃dry pure cotton textiles were explored.Methods of using fiber modification,yarn and fabric structure design,functional finishing and so on to realize moisture absorption and quick dry for pure cotton products were analyzed.Development practice of moisture absorption and quick dry pure cotton products was conducted by combining Bionics theory to modify microstructure of yarn.Moisture absorption and quick dry pure cotton fabrics were developed with three methods by adopting filament short fiber composite spun yarn,short fibers covering short fibers,sliver blending of foreign material.The development key points were explained.It is considered that the key to develop moisture absorbing and quick⁃dry pure cotton materials is realizing high escaping rate of hydrone and sweat conduction from inner to outer by reasonable structure design.