新型复合吸附剂在太阳能空气取水中的试验研究

Experimental study of new composite adsorbent in solar air water extraction

利用太阳能驱动从空气中获取淡水是一种解决干旱地区缺水问题的方法,文章采用浸渍法制备新型复合吸附剂,在开式吸附下测试新型复合吸附剂在不同环境下的吸附性能和解吸性能。结果表明:新型复合吸附剂有更好的吸附性能和解吸性能,在温度25℃,相对湿度分别为35%RH,50%RH和65%RH的工况下,新型复合吸附剂35-XL较纯10X分子筛的平衡吸附量分别提高了266.7%,265.7%,310.5%;吸附剂在150℃温度下进行脱附,35-XL的解吸率为96.6%,是纯10X分子筛解吸率的1.23倍。试验搭建了太阳能空气取水系统试验台,10X分子筛作为吸附剂夜里进行吸附,白天利用太阳能进行解吸,夜间平均温度15.1℃,平均相对湿度84%RH,白天累计辐射量14.78 MJ/m2的环境下,吸附剂可在6 h内完全脱附,单支取水管每日可获得约83 mL的液态水,单位能量的制水量为87.4 mL/MJ,将24支太阳能空气取水管组成一个制水单元,每日可获约2 L的制水量。

Using solar energy to drive fresh water from the air is a way to solve the problem of regional water shortage.A new composite adsorbent was prepared by impregnation method.The adsorption and desorption performance of the new composite adsorbent in different environments were tested under open adsorption.The experimental results show that the new composite adsorbent has better adsorption and desorption performance.The equilibrium adsorption capacity of the new composite adsorbent 35-XL is 266.7%,265.7%and 310.5%higher than that of the pure 10X molecular sieve at the temperature of 25℃and relative humidity of 35%RH,50%RH and 65%RH,respectively.When the adsorbent was desorbed at 150℃,the desorption rate of 35-XL was 96.6%,1.23 times that of pure 10X molecular sieve.The test rig of solar air water extraction system was set up in the experiment.10X molecular sieve was used as adsorbent to adsorb at night and desorbed by solar energy during the day.The adsorbent could be completely desorbed within 6 h under the average temperature of 15.1℃at night,average relative humidity of 84%RH and cumulative daytime radiation of 14.78 MJ/m^(2).A single draw pipe can obtain about 83 mL liquid water per day,and the water volume per unit energy is 87.4 mL/MJ.By combining 24 Solar Watering Tube into a water unit,about 2 L of water can be produced daily.