海南4个地区犬体表蜱种鉴定及其无形体携带情况

Identification of tick species and investigation of anaplasma spp.in some areas of Hainan

为研究海南省犬体表蜱虫的种类及其携带无形体的情况,对4个地区犬蜱进行形态学、分子生物学鉴定及进化分析,且基于16S rRNA和gltA基因,通过PCR检测犬蜱携带无形体的情况。形态学及分子生物学鉴定结果表明,所有蜱类为血红扇头蜱(Rhipicephalus sanguineus),基于蜱虫线粒体16S rDNA基因的系统发育树表明,研究中所获得的HN-01和HN-02基因序列处于不同的遗传进化分支,HN-01与已知的来自美国的血红扇头蜱(MH018842)处于同一分支,HN-02与来自泰国(KC170744)的血红扇头蜱处于同一分支,与我国甘肃省、北京市所获得的血红扇头蜱(JF979377、KC203362)序列亲缘关系较远。基于扁平无形体(Anaplasma platys)gltA基因的PCR结果表明,犬蜱携带有扁平无形体,其阳性率为1.1%(6/546)。基于16S rRNA基因的PCR检测结果表明,研究中获得的犬体表蜱未携带嗜吞噬细胞无形体(Anaplasma pagocyto-philum)和牛无形体(Anaplasma bovis)。

Ticks are arthropods that transmit more types of pathogens globally than any other vector,and they can transmit a variety of diseases by sucking blood from mammals,birds and reptiles,including humans.Anaplasma spp are an important tick-borne pathogens,which have a significant impact on human and animal health and the development of animal husbandry.In order to investigate the species of ticks on canine body surface and the situation of ticks carrying Anaplasma spp.in some areas of Hainan province,morphological observation,molecular biological identification and evolutionary analysis were performed on canine ticks from four regions of Hainan province,and 16S rRNA and gltA genes were used to detect Anaplasma spp in canine ticks.Morphological observation and molecular biological identification showed that all the ticks were Rhipicephalus sanguineus.The phylogenetic tree established based on tick mitochondrial 16S rDNA gene indicated that the HN-01 and HN-02 gene sequences obtained were in different genetic evolutionary clade,and that HN-01 was in the same clade as the known tick from the United States(MH018842).HN-02 was in the same branch as R.sanguineus from Thailand(KC170744),and was far related to R.sanguineus from Gansu Province(JF979377)and Beijing(KC203362).PCR results based on the gltA gene showed that A.platys was carried by canine ticks with a positive rate of 1.1%(6/546).PCR detection based on 16S rRNA gene indicated that the canine body surface ticks obtained did not carry Anaplasma pagocytophilum and Anaplasma bovis.