3种金枪鱼的生物学研究进展

Research progress on age,growth,feeding and reproduction of bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus),yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacores)and bluefin tuna(Thunnus thynnus)

以大眼金枪鱼Thunnus obesus,黄鳍金枪鱼Thunnus albacares及蓝鳍金枪鱼Thunnus maccoyii为例,围绕金枪鱼生物学中的鱼龄与生长、摄食及繁殖3个方面,综述了现阶段金枪鱼生物学研究的常用方法与主要的研究成果,即金枪鱼为提高种群的合适度,形成的多个独特的生物学特征,如多生长增速拐点、机会捕食者及多种繁殖策略等。同时,针对金枪鱼生物学研究领域现存的不足,从研究方法、设备和技术手段等方面提出未来研究建议。

Tunas are species of bony fish belonging to the family Scombridae,order Perciformes,and class Osteichthyes.They are high trophic predators with marine migratory behavior.Tunas have acquired various distinct biological traits in response to the pressures of human overfishing and the variable marine environments.Focused on Atlantic bluefin tuna(Thunnus thynnus),bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus),and yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacores),the most popular research methodologies and important research results in tuna biology,including age and growth,feeding,and reproduction are reviewed.The unique biological properties of tunas to boost the population's fitness(e.g.,multiple growth inflection points,opportunistic predators,and multiple reproductive strategies,etc.)are illustrated.At the same time,the existing shortcomings in the field of tuna biology research are analyzed,based on which suggestions for future research,regarding research methods,equipment and technologies are hence proposed.