微型曲面薄壁件微细铣削参数与工艺试验研究

Experimental Study on Micromilling Parameters and Process of Microminiature Curved Thin-Walled Parts

具有高展弦比的微型曲面薄壁件加工难度大,加工过程中极易产生变形与毛刺。为获得高质量的微型曲面薄壁件,以四分之一薄壁圆弧特征为例,通过正交试验研究了铣削参数对各评价指标的影响规律并进行了铣削策略分析。试验结果表明,对表面粗糙度Ra、尺寸误差△w和毛刺宽度h影响最大的铣削参数分别为主轴转速n、每齿进给量fz和轴向切深ap;工艺优化研究表明,采用变轴向切深与顺逆混合的铣削方式更有利于减小毛刺宽度和尺寸误差,获得更好的零件表面质量;同时,优化后的走刀路径能够减小垂直于薄壁侧面的切削力所导致的变形。该研究对于微型曲面薄壁件的高质量加工具有较高的参考意义。

It is difficult to manufacture microminiature curved thin-walled parts with high aspect ratio,It is easy to produce deformation and burr during processing.In order to obtain the microminiature curved thin-walled parts with high quality,taking the feature of quarter thin-walled circular arc as an example,the effect cf milling parameters on each evaluation index are studied by orthogonal experiments and the milling strategy is analyzed in this paper.The results of orthogonal experiments shows that the biggest factors affecting surface roughness Ra,dimensional error Aw and burr width h are spindle speed n,feed engagement fzand axial depth of cut ap respectively;research on process optimization shows that it is more beneficial to reduce the width of burr and dimension error and obtain better surface quality by using variable axial depth of cut and up milling and down milling mix method;At the same time,the optimized cutting path can reduce the deformation caused by the cutting farce perpendicular to the thin-wall side.This research has good reference significance for high quality machining of microminiature curved thin-walled parts.