不同桃品种在河西走廊栽培的适应性评价及品质表现

Adaptability Evaluation and Quality Performance of Different Peach Varieties Cultivated in Hexi Corridor

为筛选适宜在河西走廊地区发展的桃抗寒栽培优良品种。在嘉峪关市文殊镇建立区域试验点,对甘露暑蜜、紫胭瑞阳、紫胭瑞秋等6个桃新品种(系)进行了低温冻害、越冬后抽条、花芽冻害等生态适应性研究。结果表明,甘露暑蜜、紫胭瑞阳抽条指数和花芽受冻指数均<20%,紫胭瑞秋抽条指数和花芽受冻指数<30%;甘露暑蜜果实发育期105 d(8月中旬成熟),为中熟普通桃品种,平均单果重为268.5 g,可溶性固形物含量为135.6 g/kg;紫胭瑞阳果实发育期135 d(8月底成熟),为中晚熟油桃品种,平均单果重166.9 g,可溶性固形物含量为214.1 g/kg;紫胭瑞秋果实发育期145 d(9月中旬成熟),为晚熟油桃品种,平均单果重117.3 g,可溶性固形物含量为221.0 g/kg。以上3个品种品质优良,生态适应性强,可在嘉峪关或同类地区栽植。

To select suitable peach varieties in Hexi Corridor area with cold resistance,in this study,the ecological adaptability of 6 new peach varieties,including Ganlushumi,Ziyanruiyang,Ziyanruiqiu,was studied by establishing a regional experimental site in Wenshu Township,Jiayuguan City.The results showed that the extraction index and the freezing index of flower bud of Ganlushumi and Ziyanruiyang were both below 20%,strip extraction index and flower bud exposure index of Ziyanruiqiu were both below 30%.The fruit of Ganlushumi was a medium-maturing peach variety with an average fruit weight of 268.5 g,soluble solid content of 135.6 g/kg,andthe fruit development period was 105 d(matured in mid August).The fruit development period of Ziyanruiyang was 135 d(matured in late August)with an average fruit weight of 166.9 g and soluble solid content of 214.1 g/kg,and it was a middle to late-maturing nectarine variety.The fruit development period of Ziyanruiqiu was 145 d(matured in mid September)with an average fruit weight of 117.3 g and soluble solid content of 221.0 g/kg,and it was a late-maturing nectarine variety.These 3 varieties showed good quality,strong ecological adaptability,and high cold resistance which could be cultivated in Jiayuguan and areas with similar ecological conditions.