儿童甲状腺肿瘤的超声特征

The ultrasonographic features of thyroid tumors in children

目的 探讨儿童甲状腺良、恶性肿瘤的超声特征。方法 回顾性分析2003年1月—2021年6月四川大学华西医院经病理诊断且超声资料完整的178例甲状腺肿瘤患儿,根据病理结果分为良性组(n=64)和恶性组(n=114)。分析两组病例的超声声像图表现。结果 良性组10~18岁,恶性组9~18岁;良性组女孩56例,男孩8例,恶性组女孩89例,男孩25例。两组大小、多/单发、内部成分、内部回声、边缘、纵横比、是否伴声晕、腺体背景回声及血供比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实性、低回声、边缘不规整、微钙化诊断甲状腺恶性肿瘤曲线下面积、灵敏度及特异度分别为0.735、96.5%、62.5%,0.785、93.9%、64.5%,0.910、86.7%、95.3%,0.920、86.8%、98.4%。结论 儿童甲状腺肿瘤女孩多见;实性、低回声、边缘不规整、微钙化是儿童甲状腺肿瘤的恶性超声征象。

Objective To investigate the ultrasonographic features of benign and malignant thyroid tumors in children.Methods A retrospective analysis of 178 children with thyroid tumors confirmed by pathology was performed,and the sonographic manifestations of the two groups of benign and malignant thyroid tumors were analyzed.Results In this study,the age of children with benign tumors was 10-18 years old and the age of children with malignant tumors was 9-18 years old.There were 56 girls and 8 boys with benign tumors and 89 girls and 25 boys with malignant tumors.There were significant statistical differences between benign and malignant tumors in size,multiple/single,internal components,internal echoes,margins,aspect ratio,with or without halo,glandular background echo and blood supply.The area under the curve,sensitivity and specificity of solid,hypoechoic,marginally irregular and microcalcifications for the diagnosis of thyroid malignancy were 0.735,96.5%,62.5%,0.785,93.9%,64.5%,0.910,86.7%,95.3%,0.920,86.8%,98.4%.Conclusion Children with thyroid tumors are more common in girls,and the sonographic manifestations of benign and malignant tumors have certain characteristics.Solid,hypoechoic,irregular margins,and microcalcifications are malignant sonographic signs of thyroid tumors in children.