中国农村公共文化建设的政策演进及其逻辑理路(1949-2022)

The Policy Evolution and Logicof Rural Public Culture Construction in China

本文以1949年以来各历史时期的重要政策文本为依据,梳理出我国农村公共文化建设的五个历史时期的核心特征:新中国成立后初步建设时期的引导模式、人民公社时期的主导模式、改革开放后探索发展时期的粗放模式、税费改革后新农村建设时期的服务模式以及新时代乡村振兴时期的共治模式。通过考察不同时期我国农村公共文化建设的经验,发现其内在逻辑理路主要体现在实现农村文化建设现代化、多元主体的共同参与、化解公共文化建设的主要矛盾、政策引领改革创新等方面。因此,推进新时代农村公共文化建设,要坚持党的全面领导,拓展农村公共文化建设的治理功能;坚持以农民为主体,增强农村公共文化建设的内生性动力;坚持运用网络信息技术,创新农村公共文化建设的智慧化手段;坚持政府、市场与社会的协同共治,整合农村公共文化建设的资源性力量。

Based on the important policy texts in various historical periods since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,this paper sorts out five historical periods and five core characteristics of the CPC’s leading rural public cultural construction in the perspective of policy orientation.The state-guided style in the early days of the New China,the state-led style in the people’s commune period,the extensive style construction in the exploration and development period after the reform and opening-up,the service style in the new rural construction period after the Taxation Reform,and the co-governace style in the rural revitalization period.The logic of rural cultural construction is to realize the modernization of rural cultural construction,the co-participating of multiple subjects,resolve the main contradiction in public cultural construction,and reform and innovation of policies and regulations.The ways of promoting the construction of rural public culture in the context of rural revitalization strategy in the new era include adhering to the comprehensive leadership of the Communist Party of China and expanding the governance function of rural public culture construction,adhering to taking farmers as the main body and strengthen the endogenous power of rural public culture construction,adhering to the use of network information technology and innovate the intelligent means of rural public culture construction,adhering to the coordinated governance of the government,market and society,and integrating the resource strength of rural public culture construction.