中国现代审美典型理论的先声——王国维典型思想初探

Precursor to the Typical Theory of Modern Chinese Aesthetics——Apreliminary Study on Wang Guowei’s Typical Thought

20世纪初,王国维在文学研究中提出描写人生、注重形象、强调典型化等一系列富有启发性的思想,这些思想已初具现代典型论的雏形。以马克思、恩格斯的典型理论为参照系,王国维的典型思想在描写社会人生上侧重个体人生,在形象塑造上注重意志在性格呈现中的作用,在倾向性流露和评价标准上侧重审美之维的特质,又具备自身的特殊性。从史的角度看,王国维的典型思想开了中国现代审美典型理论的先声。

At the beginning of the 20th century,Wang Guowei proposed a series of inspiring thoughts in his literary studies,such as describing life,focusing on image and emphasizing typicalization,which has taken shape in the embryonic form of modern typical theory.Taking the typical theory of Marx and Engels as the frame of reference,Wang Guowei's typical thought has its own peculiarities in depicting social life with a focus on the individual,in shaping images with a focus on the role of the will in the presentation of character,and in tendencies and evaluation criteria with a focus on the aesthetic dimension.From the historical point of view,Wang Guowei's typical thought is the forerunner of Chinese modern aesthetic typical theory.