历史街区火灾蔓延规律分析——以道口古镇为例

Analysis of Fire Spreading Law in Historic District:Taking Daokou Ancient Town as an Example

为研究影响历史街区内传统砖木建筑之间火灾蔓延的因素,文章以河南省安阳市滑县道口古镇内传统院落为研究对象,通过实地调研及数据统计,确定该区域典型传统院落相关尺寸,运用火灾动力学仿真软件Pyrosim对砖木建筑之间的火灾蔓延进行三维数值模拟,根据在上风向设置燃烧源,设置多组不同室外环境风速进行模拟,并通过HRR和火势蔓延特征来探索火灾增长及蔓延规律。根据模拟结果分析得出:当风速小于3m/s时,风速风场及起火源位置对火势的发展影响较小;当风速大于3m/s时,风速风场对火势的发展影响较显著。

In order to study the factors affecting the spread of fire between traditional brick and wood buildings in the historic district,this paper takes the traditional courtyard in Daokou Ancient Town,Huaxian County,Anyang City,Henan Province as the research object,through field research and data statistics,determines the relevant dimensions of typical traditional courtyards in the area,uses the fire dynamics simulation software Pyrosim to simulate the fire spread between brick and wood buildings,and sets up multiple sets of different outdoor environment wind speeds according to the combustion source set in the upwind direction.The growth and spread of fire are explored through HRR and fire spread characteristics.According to the analysis of the simulation results,when the wind speed is less than 3m/s,the wind speed wind field and the location of the ignition source have less impact on the development of the fire,and when the wind speed is greater than 3m/s,the wind speed wind field has a significant impact on the development of the fire.