2022年度膀胱癌基础研究及临床诊疗新进展

Advances in basic research,clinical diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in 2022

膀胱癌(bladder cancer,BCa)是泌尿系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一。目前对于BCa的基础和临床研究均取得了重要进展,在基因和蛋白质层面进一步阐释了BCa发生、发展的驱动因素,更加深入地对肿瘤微环境的结构及相互作用进行了探索。BCa的早期诊断指标尿核基质蛋白22(nuclear matrix protein 22,NMP22)存在较大的临床限制,新的生物标志物在不断地被发现,促使早期诊断更加精准。BCa的综合治疗取得了重大突破,包括在以顺铂为基础的一线化疗上联合免疫检查点抑制剂治疗,抗体药物偶联物的应用,以及在不同的BCa发展阶段这些药物的联合应用等。为了更好地总结近期取得的研究成果,现对2022年度BCa的研究进展进行综述。

Bladder cancer(BCa)is a common malignant tumor of the urinary tract.Significant progress has been made in both basic and clinical research on BCa,which has further elucidated the drivers of BCa development at the gene and protein levels,and explored the structure and interactions of the tumor microenvironment.The early diagnostic index nuclear matrix protein 22(NMP22)of BCa has great clinical limitations,and new biomarkers are constantly being developed to make early diagnosis more accurate.A breakthrough has been made in the comprehensive treatment of BCa,including the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy on cisplatin-based first-line chemotherapy,the application of antibody-drug conjugate(ADC),and the combination of these drugs in different stages of BCa.In order to better describe the recently achieved research results,a review of the research progress of BCa in 2022 was presented.