突发公共卫生事件期间社区封闭式管理背景下上海市居民家庭服务需求调查

Investigation of Residents' Family Service Demands in the Context of Closed-off Community Management During Public Health Emergencies in Shanghai

目的:评估突发公共卫生事件社区封闭式管理背景下上海市居民家庭服务需求,为政府制定社区管理策略提供参考。方法:以自拟问卷对所选上海市样本区域18岁及以上常住人口进行调查。结果:回收有效问卷3895份。满分为10分计,各一级指标得分为家庭健康8.68分,“医疗咨询服务”和“急症医疗服务”需求最高;家庭生活8.62分,“基本生活物资”和“突发事件时期特殊物资”需求最高;家庭安全8.61分,“食品来源”“家庭设备设施”和“清洁”需求最高;家庭精神文化8.60分。特殊人群对自身和心理健康相关家庭服务需求显著高于一般人群。女性、文化程度高、家庭代际数3代及以上对家庭服务需求显著增加。结论:居民对于家庭服务需求很高,涉及健康、安全、生活和精神文化多个方面,建议公共卫生事件期间的家庭服务全方位考虑居民需求,重点关注特殊人群,提升家庭服务精准化和专业化水平。

Objective:To assess residents'family service demands in the context of closed-off community management of public health emergencies in Shanghai,so as to provide the government's development of community management strategies.Methods:The self-designed questionnaire was used to survey the residents aged 18 and above in the selected sample area of Shanghai.Results:3895 valid questionnaires were collected.Out of a total of 10 points,each level of indicators scored 8.68 points for family health demands,"medical consultation services"and"emergency medical services"were the highest.8.62 points for family life demands,"basic living supplies"and"special supplies during emergencies"were the highest.8.61 points for family safety demands,"food source"and"domestic equipment and facilities"as well as"cleaning"were the highest.8.60 points for family spirit and culture demands.The special population had significantly higher demands for family services related to their own and mental health than the general population.The demands for family services were significantly higher among women,highly educated,and families with 3 or more generations.Conclusion:Residents'demands for family services are high,involving health,safety,life,and spiritual and cultural aspects.It is recommended that family services during public health emergencies consider residents'demands in all aspects,focus on special population,and improve the precision and specialization of family services.