河南省洪涝灾害后居民心理健康状况及影响因素

Status and Influencing Factors of Mental Health Among Residents After Flood Disaster in Henan Province

目的:了解河南省洪涝灾害后居民的心理健康状况及影响因素,为今后的灾害提供应对策略或经验。方法:采用问卷调查的方法,使用焦虑自评量表、简版流调中心抑郁量表和失眠严重程度指数量表对河南省洪涝灾害灾区居民进行调查。结果:接受调查的864名灾区居民中报告有失眠情况者182例(21.10%);报告有焦虑症状者140例(16.20%);报告有抑郁症状者347例(40.16%)。Logistic回归结果显示,胃肠道疾患用药需求、慢性病用药需求、洪涝灾害期间获取用药指导是否受到影响是灾区居民有焦虑症状的影响因素(P<0.05);性别、洪涝灾害期间获取用药指导是否受到影响是灾区居民有抑郁症状的影响因素(P<0.05);消肿止痛药用药需求、慢性病用药需求、洪涝灾害期间获取用药指导是否受到影响是灾区居民失眠情况的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:女性居民应该作为洪涝灾害后心理服务的重点关注对象,应加强储备应急药品的宣传教育,并普及常见应急药品的用药指导,防患于未然。

Objective:To understand the mental health status of residents in Henan province after flood disaster and its influencing factors,so to provide suggestions or experiences for future disasters.Methods:Questionnaires were used to survey flood-affected people in Henan province using the self-rating anxiety scale,the brief version of the center for epidemiological studies depression scale and the insomnia severity index scale.Results:There were 182 cases having insomnia(21.10%),140 cases having anxiety symptoms(16.20%)and 347 cases having depressive symptoms(40.16%)among the 864 affected people surveyed.Logistic regression results showed that medication demands for gastrointestinal disorders,medication demands for chronic diseases,and whether the access to medication guidance was affected during flood disaster were influencing factors for people in disaster areas with anxiety symptoms(P<0.05).Gender and whether the access to medication guidance was affected during flood disaster were influencing factors for people in disaster areas with depressive symptoms(P<0.05).Medication demands for anti-swelling and pain relieving,medication demands for chronic diseases,and whether the access to medication guidance was affected during flood disaster was affected were influencing factor for insomnia among people in disaster areas(P<0.05).Conclusion:More attention of psychological services after flood disaster should be paid to female residents in disaster areas.The publicity of storing emergency drugs should be strengthened,and the medication guidance of common emergency drugs should be popularized to prevent problems before they occur.