内蒙古典型草原区传统村落景观基因解析与特征研究

Analysis and Characteristics of Traditional Village Landscape Genes in Typical Steppe Region of Inner Mongolia

立足于“十四五”全面推进乡村振兴的时代背景,聚焦内蒙古典型草原区传统村落景观,以文化地理学“景观-基因”理论为基础,基于内蒙古典型草原区传统村落景观具有人工营建与草原环境相协调的核心价值,提出了“时间-空间-文化”三维耦合的景观基因识别、提取方法,解译出“逐水草居、农牧结合、聚散有致、内生植入、崇尚自然、天人合一、共融开放、热情豪迈”八大景观基因。从景观空间格局、景观过程、景观感知3个维度总结出内蒙古典型草原区传统村落的景观特征:景观空间格局的地域系统性、景观过程的历史演化性、景观感知的民族融合性。拓展了内蒙古典型草原区传统村落景观类型辨析和传承保护的理论视野,为内蒙古人居环境的可持续发展和乡村振兴提供科学的方法指导。

Based on the background of the"14th Five-Year Plan"to comprehensively promote rural revitalization,this study focuses on the traditional village landscape in the typical grassland area of Inner Mongolia.Based on the"landscape-gene"theory of cultural geography and the core value of coordination between artificial construction and grassland environment of traditional villages in typical steppe areas of Inner Mongolia,a"time-space-culture"three-dimensional coupling landscape gene identification and extraction method was proposed.It also interprets eight landscape genes:"pursuing water and grass for living,combining agriculture and animal husbandry,gathering and dispersing,endogenously planting,advocating nature,harmony between nature and man,openness,enthusiasm and boldness".The landscape characteristics of traditional villages in typical grassland areas of Inner Mongolia were summarized from three dimensions:landscape spatial pattern,landscape process and landscape perception:regional systematization of landscape spatial pattern,historical evolution of landscape process and ethnic integration of landscape perception.It enriches and improves the theoretical vision of the type discrimination and protection of the regional characteristics of traditional villages in the typical grassland area of Inner Mongolia,and provides scientific guidance for the sustainable development of human settlement environment and rural revitalization in Inner Mongolia.