居住资源与老年人健康不平等——基于社会分层的视角

Residantial Resources and Health Inequality of the Elderly from the Perspective of Social Stratification

从社会分层理论的视角出发,把居住资源作为分类依据,将居家老年人划分为三个居住资源群体,并通过实证分析验证了不同分层的老年人的健康结果差异,说明居住资源的分层直接导致老年人的健康不平等。实证分析结果表明:居住资源相关变量对老年人健康状况具有显著影响,财产性资源、设施性资源和服务性资源对老年人的自评健康、身体健康、心理健康会产生不同程度的显著影响。居住资源分层会导致老年群体的健康不平等,且层级越高,老年人的健康状况越好。据此提出如下建议:精准帮扶居住资源劣势群体,打造老年人宜居环境;关注农村老年人居住状况,缩小城乡健康不平等;加大社区服务供给,构建老年友好社区;出台激励和保障措施,优化老年人居住资源环境。

From the perspective of social stratification theory, taking residential resources as the basis of classification, the elderly at home are divided into three residential resource groups.Through empirical analysis, the differences in health outcomes of the elderly at different levels are verified, indicating that the stratification of residential resources directly leads to the health inequality of the elderly.The empirical analysis results show that the relevant variables of residential resources have a significant impact on the health of the elderly, and property resources, facilities resources and service resources have a significant impact on the elderly’s self-rated health, physical health and mental health to varying degrees. The stratification of residential resources will leads to the health inequality of the elderly, and the higher the hierarchy, the better the health of the elderly. Based on this, the following suggestions are put forward: We should accurately help disadvantaged groups of residential resources and create a livable environment for the elderly. We shoud pay attention to the living conditions of the elderly in rural areas and reduce the health inequality between urban and rural areas.We should increase the supply of community services and build a friendly community for the elderly.We should promulgate incentives and security measures to optimize the living resources and environment of the elderly.