探究即刻负荷对下颌后牙区单牙非游离端缺失后缺牙间隙的影响

Effect of Immediate Loading on Edentulous Space Maintenance of Non-free End Single Tooth in Mandibular Posterior Area

目的:探究常规种植即刻负荷,对下颌后牙区单牙非游离端缺失后三维间隙的影响。方法:选择40例接受下颌后牙区非游离端单牙种植治疗的患者纳入研究。试验组(n=20)行常规种植即刻负荷治疗,对照组(n=20)行常规种植常规负荷治疗。分别于术后当天与术后3个月采集患者的口内光学扫描数据,再依次运用三维配准与偏差分析算法对术区邻牙以及对颌牙的三维位置改变量进行分析,并对其平均偏差(AVG)与均方根值(RMS)进行记录。结果:试验组术区近中邻牙近、远中向变化量的AVG和RMS分别为(20.83±9.07)μm、 25.66±10.82,均小于对照组AVG为(106.38±38.41)μm、RMS为118.74±42.18,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组术区远中邻牙近、远中向变化量的AVG和RMS分别为(12.03±8.01)μm、14.59±8.95,均小于对照组AVG为(113.63±42.79)μm、RMS为127.39±45.93,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组术区对颌牙垂直向变化量的AVG和RMS分别为(19.66±8.59)μm、23.97±9.93,均小于对照组术AVG为(61.38±18.29)μm、RMS为70.54±21.42,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:相较于常规负荷治疗,下颌后牙区单牙非游离端缺失后的即刻负荷治疗能够对缺牙间隙进行有效地维持。

Objective:To investigate the effect of immediate loading on the three-dimensional space after the loss of non-free end of single tooth in mandibular posterior area.Methods:Forty patients who received single dental implant at the non-free end of the mandibular posterior region were included in the study.The experimental group(n=20)received immediate loading therapy with routine implantation,and the control group(n=20)received conventional loading therapy with routine implantation.The intraoral optical scanning data were collected on the same day and 3 months after surgery,and then the three-dimensional position changes of adjacent teeth and jaw teeth were analyzed by three-dimensional registration and deviation analysis algorithm,and their mean deviation(AVG)and root mean square(RMS)were recorded.Results:The AVG and RMS of mesial and distal changes of the mesial adjacent teeth in the experimental group were(20.83±9.07)μm and 25.66±10.82,respectively,which were smaller than those in the control group.AVG=(106.38±38.41)μm,RMS=118.74±42.18.The AVG and RMS of mesial and distal changes of the distal adjacent teeth in the experimental group were(12.03±8.01)μm and 14.59±8.95,respectively,which were smaller than those in the control group.AVG=(113.63±42.79)μm,RMS=127.39±45.93,and the difference was statistically significant.The AVG and RMS of vertical change of the antagonist teeth in the experimental group were(19.66±8.59)μm and 23.97±9.93,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group.AVG=(61.38±18.29)μm,RMS=70.54±21.42,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:The edentulous space can be effectively maintained by the conventional planning with immediate loading treatment after the loss of the non-free end of the single tooth in the mandibular posterior area.