药食两用植物金槐扦插技术研究

Study on Cutting Technology of Sophora japonica‘Jinhuai’of Medicinal and Edible Plants

为提高金槐(Sophora japonica‘Jinhuai’)的扦插生根成活率,拓展金槐苗木生产渠道,选择健康的金槐枝条作为扦插材料,采用正交试验设计,探究插穗粗度、基质类型、植物生长调节剂种类以及植物生长调节剂浓度4个因素对金槐扦插成活率及扦插苗性状的影响,以期为金槐扦插育苗提供科学依据。结果表明:9个组合的成活率存在极显著差异(P<0.01),组合5成活率最高,为54.00%;9个组合的根数、枝数差异不显著,而根长、根粗、茎长、茎粗和叶片数均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),组合5和组合9最有利于根生长;组合7的平均茎长最长,为10.6 cm,与组合4,5,6,8,9间不存在显著差异但极显著长于其他组合;组合9的茎粗为3.03 mm,显著高于其他8个组合;叶片数最多的是组合9,为7.8,与组合7差异不显著,但二者显著高于其他6个组合。综合比较得出,粗度为10-14 mm的穗条使用50 mg/L的吲哚丁酸(IBA)浸泡后扦插于细沙基质中可获得较好的效果,更有利于金槐扦插苗的生长。

In order to improve the survival rate of Sophora japonica‘Jinhuai’cutting root and expand the production channel of S.japonica‘Jinhuai’seedlings,healthy branches of S.japonica‘Jinhuai’were selected as cutting materials.The orthogonal test design was used to explore the effects of 4 factors,including cutting diameter,substrate type,plant growth regulator type and plant growth regulator concentration,on the cutting survival rate and cutting seedling traits of S.japonica‘Jinhuai’,so as to provide scientific basis for the cutting seedling of S.japonica‘Jinhuai’industry.The results showed that the survival rate of 9 combinations was significantly different(P<0.01),and the survival rate of combination 5 was the highest,which was 54.00%.There were no significant differences in root number and branch number among the 9 combinations,but there were significant differences in root length,root diameter,stem length,stem diameter and leaf number among the 9 combinations(P<0.01).Combination 5 and combination 9 were the best for promoting root growth.The average stem length of combination 7(10.6 cm)was the longest,which was not significantly different from that of combinations 4,5,6,8 and 9 but significantly longer than that of other combinations.The stem diameter of combination 9 was 3.03 mm,which was significantly higher than that of the other 8 combinations.The number of leaves was the highest in combination 9,which was 7.8,which was not significantly different from combination 7 but significantly higher than the other 6 combinations.The comprehensive comparison showed that the cuttings with a diameter of 10-14 mm were soaked with 50 mg/L Indole Butyric Acid(IBA)and cut into fine sand matrix to obtain better results,which was more conducive to the growth of S.japonica cutting seedlings.